2008－2019年福建省泉州市公共场所中央空调冷却塔水军团菌污染状况及毒力基因携带情况

陈明春; 刘建忠; 陈志扬; 陈晓玲

引用本文: 陈明春, 刘建忠, 陈志扬, 陈晓玲. 2008－2019年福建省泉州市公共场所中央空调冷却塔水军团菌污染状况及毒力基因携带情况[J]. 疾病监测. shu

Citation: Mingchun Chen, Jianzhong Liu, Zhiyang Chen and Xiaoling Chen. Legionella and its carriage of virulence genes detected in air condition cooling towers at public places in Quanzhou, Fujian, 2008–2019[J]. Disease Surveillance. shu

2008－2019年福建省泉州市公共场所中央空调冷却塔水军团菌污染状况及毒力基因携带情况

福建省泉州市疾病预防控制中，福建泉州 362000

作者简介: 陈明春，男，福建省泉州市人，副主任技师，主要从事病原微生物检验、分子生物学诊断等研究;

通信作者: 陈明春, cmc19730308@126.com

基金项目: 福建省泉州市科技计划项目（No.2010z61）

摘要: 目的了解2008 — 2019年福建省泉州市公共场所中央空调冷却塔水军团菌污染状况，分析分离菌株毒力基因携带情况，为军团菌防控提供数据支撑。方法用荧光定量PCR法和分离培养法对泉州市12个县区31家公共场所冷却塔水进行军团菌分离、鉴定、分型和核酸检测。运用PCR方法检测分离菌株的7个毒力基因（iraA、cpxR、cpxA、dotA、rpoB、icmC、icmD）。结果2008 — 2019年共采集空调冷却塔水样569份，分离到军团菌159株，分离率为27.94%。其中嗜肺军团菌136株，分离率为23.90%。嗜肺军团菌血清型有LP1、3、5、6、8、10型，其中LP1型49株，占30.82%，为优势血清型。此外，还有长滩军团菌、菲利军团菌、杜莫夫军团菌等。2种检测方法的符合率为88.40%，荧光定量PCR法检出率明显高于分离培养法，差异有统计学意义（χ²=313.532，P<0.05）。136株嗜肺军团菌中7个毒力基因全部阳性，82.61%的其他非嗜肺军团菌全部阴性。结论泉州市公共场所中央空调冷却水军团菌污染较严重，分离的嗜肺军团菌菌株均携带毒力基因。应加强公共场所空调冷却水塔的清洗和消毒，持续监测外环境中军团菌，防控军团菌病的发生。

关键词:

English

Legionella and its carriage of virulence genes detected in air condition cooling towers at public places in Quanzhou, Fujian, 2008–2019

Quanzhou Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China

Corresponding author: Mingchun Chen, cmc19730308@126.com

Received Date: 2020-08-21
Available Online: 2020-12-01
Fund Project: This study was supported by the fund for Scientific and Technological Project of Quanzhou, Fujian (No.2010z61)

Abstract: ObjectiveTo understand the contamination of Legionella in air condition cooling towers at public places in Quanzhou, Fujian province, from 2008 to 2019, and identify its carriage of virulence genes and pathogenicity and provide evidence for the prevention and control of Legionellosis.MethodsThe isolation, identification, genotyping and nucleic acid testing of Legionella from water samples collected from the air condition cooling towers at 31 public places in 12 counties of Quanzhou from 2008 to 2019 were conducted. PCR assay was used to detect 7 virulence genes of the isolated strains, including iraA、cpxR、cpxA、dotA、rpoB、icmC、icmD.ResultsA total of 569 water samples were collected from the air condition cooling towers during 2008-2019, in which 159 Legionella strains were isolated (27.94%). The majority of the Legionella strains were L. pneumophila (136, 23.90%), and the remaining included L. longbeachae, L. philliflora and L. dumoffii. The serotypes of L. pneumophila were 1, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 10, and serotype 1 was the predominant one (49, 30.82%). The consistent rate of the two methods was 88.40%, but the positive rate of quantitative real-time PCR was significantly higher than that of isolation. The difference was significant (χ²=313.532, P<0.05). All the 136 L. pneumophila strains carried 7 virulence genes, while the virulence genes detection results of 82.61% of the non-L. pneumophila strains were negative.ConclusionSerious contamination of Legionella was found in the air condition cooling towers at public places in Quanzhou, and L. pneumophila was predominant and carried virulence genes. Timely cleaning and disinfection of air condition cooling towers are necessary to prevent the infection of Legionella.

Key words:

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表 1 本研究用于检测7个毒力基因的引物

Table 1. Primers for detection of 7 virulence genes in study

基因	引物序列（5'-3'）	扩增产物长度（bp）	退火温度（℃）
dotA	dotA-F:GTTGGTGCAGCCGATAAAAT dotA-R:CCCCACAAGGTGGACTCTTA	241	55
iraA	iraA-F:TCCTGTAGCGCAACAACAAC iraA-R :CAGGTGCCCTCTATTCCAAA	237	55
rpoB	rpoB-F:TGAAAATCTGATGCCACAGG rpoB-R:TGGCCCAAGAGCTGATACAC	154	55
icmC	icmC-F:ATGGAGAAGCCAGGACAATG icmC-R:ACCCGGATAATCATCACCAA	241	55
icmD	icmD-F:GGCTAGTAAGCGCAGCTTGT icmD-R:CCCAATCCAGCCAAGTAAGA	154	55
cpxR	cpxR-F:AAAATCCCAACTCCCAAACC cpxR-R:CGATACTGCGGTCATAAGCA	217	55
cpxA	cpxA-F:ACAACCAGCTCGAGAGGAAA cpxA-R:GCCATCACTTGGGAGTTCAT	235	55

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表 2 2008—2019年福建省泉州市公共场所中央空调系统冷却塔水中军团菌检测结果

Table 2. Detection results of Legionella in air condition cooling towers at public places in Quanzhou, Fujian, 2008-2019

年份	检测样品数（份）	荧光定量PCR法				分离培养法
年份	检测样品数（份）	军团菌属阳性数（份）	阳性率（%）	嗜肺军团菌阳性数（份）	阳性率（%）	阳性数（份）	阳性率（%）
2008	32	11	34.38	10	31.25	8	25.00
2009	50	18	36.00	17	34.00	15	30.00
2010	61	22	36.07	21	34.43	20	32.79
2011	43	15	34.88	13	30.23	12	27.91
2012	52	20	38.46	19	36.54	18	34.62
2013	49	20	40.82	19	38.78	18	36.73
2014	42	16	38.10	15	35.71	11	26.19
2015	51	17	33.33	16	31.37	13	25.49
2016	47	15	31.91	14	29.78	12	25.53
2017	54	17	31.48	16	29.63	13	24.07
2018	42	13	30.95	11	26.19	10	23.81
2019	46	13	28.26	12	26.09	9	19.56

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表 3 不同处理方法分离菌株的血清型

Table 3. Serotyping results of Legionella strains isolated by different methods

血清型	培养阳性的标本数（份）			合计（份）
血清型	酸处理	热处理	原液	合计（份）
LP1	46	41	29	49
LP2～LP14	81	72	55	87
非嗜肺军团菌	21	17	12	23

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1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

2008－2019年福建省泉州市公共场所中央空调冷却塔水军团菌污染状况及毒力基因携带情况

作者简介: 陈明春，男，福建省泉州市人，副主任技师，主要从事病原微生物检验、分子生物学诊断等研究;

通信作者: 陈明春, cmc19730308@126.com

English

Legionella and its carriage of virulence genes detected in air condition cooling towers at public places in Quanzhou, Fujian, 2008–2019

Corresponding author: Mingchun Chen, cmc19730308@126.com

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通信作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com